Publications

We present a compact, reusable suite of digital-research workflows designed to improve Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, and Reuse (FAIR principles) for large institutional archives of scanned documents and photographs created in the 20th and early 21st centuries. The workflows combine content-specific page classification, selective OCR/HTR processing, and vocabulary-driven NLP to boost (meta)data quality in a Czech digital repository of archaeological fieldwork and related discovery services. We are sharing resources designed to help archivists and researchers streamline targeted analysis while minimizing the irrelevant processing of pages.

Many heritage collections hold high-resolution scans of paper-born materials with little or inconsistent metadata. This legacy material, like handwritten notes, machine-typed reports, photocards, maps, drawings, and mixed-content pages, presents a dual problem: (1) it is valuable but hard to discover, and (2) modern off-the-shelf recognition tools often fail on century-old or repeatedly re-scanned pages that exhibit folds, stains, noise, and atypical layouts. To address these gaps, we developed workflows that first systematize page images by high-level content (table, photograph, drawing/map, plain text, mixed/handwritten cutouts, etc.). Knowing a page’s content allows selective application of specialized tools (OCR, HTR, object classification, or manual review), saving compute and improving overall downstream quality. A short, domain-adapted lexicon (field-specific Czech terms translated to English) supports vocabulary-driven labeling and later metadata expansion so extracted entities map to stable controlled values.

We assembled and annotated a dataset of almost 50,000 scanned pages mapped to 11 semantic content classes, hosted in a LINDAT repository; accompanying training code, README, and prediction utilities are publicly available (prepackaged for easy use). For image-based page sorting, we fine-tuned a range of backbones, including transformers (DiT, ViT), convolutional networks (EfficientNet2, RegNetY), and hybrid image-text (CLIP) models, to capture both layout and visual cues. Model evaluation includes accuracy numbers and confusion matrices per class (predicted vs. true), while the trained checkpoints and evaluation scripts are published for reproducibility.

The content-specific classifiers provide a practical systematization of collections that substantially reduces unnecessary processing: pages routed to targeted tools require fewer retries and yield higher-quality outputs than a one-size-fits-all pipeline. We also found that contemporary Document Layout Analysis (DLA) frameworks, like DeepDoctection using Google’s Tesseract for OCR and Facebook AI Research’s detectron2 for structured data recognition, trained on clean digital PDFs often misidentify tables and miss text blocks on heavily degraded archival pages; this confirms the value of a front-end content classifier tuned on historical scans to gate further processing.

When pages are classified as text-containing, we run OCR/HTR selectively. In our experiments, we used ABBYY FineReader for automated OCR extraction (ALTO XML outputs) and measured language and quality characteristics with LanguageID and a causal-LM perplexity probe by distilgpt2 to filter reliably extracted text from noisy results. Noisy handwritten segments are flagged for more specialized HTR (e.g., finetuned Kraken/PERO-style workflows) or manual transcription. Moreover, we implemented lightweight shell and Python “glue” scripts to parse XML outputs, extract plain text, and compute simple XML-element statistics across directories; a student-developed ALTO viewer that maps XML to the JPEG page image and allows editing is available for demonstrations.

Selective OCR plus language-detection and perplexity thresholds reliably filter well-extracted text from low-quality OCR outputs, enabling automated downstream NER by off-the-shelf NameTag3 for the cleaner subset. Experimental results with Czech and multilingual NameTag3 models look promising for adapting language-specific NER tools and fine-tuning them on domain-created CoNLL-U-style datasets (UDPipe-derived parses with domain-specific entity annotations). This would enable both structured metadata extraction (geographic names, artifact types, numeric identifiers) and vocabulary-driven entity extraction.

Our workflows strike a pragmatic balance between automation and targeted human intervention. By combining content-aware classification, automated text recognition, controlled-vocabulary extraction, and simple ALTO XML tooling, we increase the discoverability of legacy archaeological documentation while controlling processing costs and error propagation. The released dataset, models, and console tools are intended as baseline solutions that others in digital humanities and cultural heritage can adapt: they make it straightforward to plug alternative OCR/HTR engines, swap backbone models, or extend the domain lexicon. Future work will expand HTR adaptation for handwritten Czech variants, introduce object-level photo classification with domain labels, and integrate the pipeline into repository ingestion workflows so that both legacy holdings and new uploads benefit from automated, FAIR-aware metadata enrichment.

This presentation was given at the tourismA event in Florence and presents highlights from the work packages 4 and 5 of the ATRIUM project two years into the project. 

The ATRIUM project (Advancing FronTier Research In the Arts and hUManities) aims to strengthen and integrate research infrastructure services across the arts and humanities. A central objective of the project is to support high-quality, cross-disciplinary research by improving how diverse research outputs are evaluated, recognised, and rewarded.

This milestone delivers the first version of the ATRIUM Peer Review Framework,  a qualitative, criteria-based assessment model designed to address structural biases in traditional research evaluation systems that privilege journal articles and citation-based metrics, while undervaluing critical research contributions such as datasets, models, workflows or software. By building community consensus around a peer review framework, ATRIUM aims to maximise the quality and impact of arts and humanities research in Europe and to recognise a wide variety of research outputs and  “behind-the-scenes” work that are necessary for building and maintaining innovative research infrastructures.  

The first version of the framework defines three sets of evaluation criteria covering: data papers, workflow papers and training materials. All criteria are organised under four stable assessment categories (State of the Art, Content, Form and Accessibility and Reusability), which ensures coherence across output types while allowing output-specific interpretation. 

Lead Author(s): Françoise Gouzi (DARIAH), Toma Tasovac (BCDH)
Co-author(s): Anne Baillot (DARIAH), Sarah Bénière (INRIA), Carol Delmazo (OPERAS), Vicky Garnett (DARIAH) 
Reviewers:  Lulianna van der Lek (CLARIN), Megan Black (DARIAH), Tiziana Lombardo (NET7)

ATRIUM brings together 30 partners from 12 countries, including four major European research infrastructures — DARIAH, ARIADNE, CLARIN, and OPERAS — to strengthen the foundations of arts and humanities research across Europe. 

With the lead authors of Émilie Pagé-Perron (ADS) and Julian D. Richards (ADS), this deliverable 'D5.1 Interim report on Demonstrators' provides an interim review of progress with the demonstrators developed in Work Package (WP)5 ‘Curiosity-driven Demonstrators’ at the half-way point in the ATRIUM project.

The demonstrators are based on real world arts and humanities research questions, and they build on the workflows that are being developed in WP4 ‘Providing Enhanced Workflows for Frontier Research in the Humanities’, as well as taking account of the new audiences explored in WP2 ‘Communication, Dissemination and Impact Evaluation’. The workflows and demonstrators were selected to cover five primary data types used in the arts and humanities: text, images, 3D, sound, and geospatial data. The demonstrators focus on the discipline of archaeology given the exceptional variety of data types it employs, although they are of wider applicability. 

ATRIUM is funded by the European Union under the grant number 101132163.

The ATRIUM project (Advancing FronTier Research In the Arts and hUManities) aims to strengthen and integrate research infrastructure services across the arts and humanities.

ATRIUM communications and visuals should kindly follow the ATRIUM Brand Guidelines, created by the wonderful graphic designer Oisink.

For more communications materials, please see the atrium website. 

ATRIUM is funded by the European Union under Grant Agreement n. 101132163. Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union. Neither the European Union nor the granting authority can be held responsible for them.

ATRIUM Deliverable 2.1: Interim communication and dissemination report (M1-M24) and communication and dissemination plan (M25-M48), incl. sections on involvement of new communities and impact

This deliverable reports on the first 24 months of ATRIUM’s communication and dissemination activities and outlines the strategy for the remaining project period (M25-M48). During the first phase, the project successfully established a comprehensive outreach infrastructure across all core channels, including the project website, social media, newsletters, events, publications, and video resources. A consistent visual identity and communications toolkit were implemented, enabling effective partner-led dissemination across European and international networks.

ATRIUM brings together 30 partners from 12 countries, including four major European research infrastructures (RIs) — DARIAH, ARIADNE, CLARIN, and OPERAS — to strengthen the foundations of arts and humanities (A&H) research across Europe. The project tackles long-standing structural barriers in the RI landscape: fragmented access to resources, uneven interoperability, reproducibility gaps, undervaluation of non-traditional research outputs, and persistent inequalities across regions and languages.

Funded by the European Commission, ATRIUM addresses these challenges through an integrated service and software catalogue, a catalogue of reusable workflows, an assessment framework for non-traditional research outputs aligned with the Coalition for Advancing Research Assessment (CoARA), and a transnational access (TNA) programme that expands skills and participation. 

To ensure that Europe can maintain an open, diverse and globally competitive A&H research ecosystem, this Policy Brief, aimed at European Union (EU) and national policymakers, research funders and research infrastructure leaders, proposes seven policy recommendations.

This talk situates the Publish–Review–Curate (PRC) model at the intersection of diamond open access, open peer review, research-assessment reform, and the mission of public infrastructures. Using Transformations, DARIAH’s overlay journal, and the ATRIUM Assessment Framework as concrete examples, the presentation shows how PRC offers a transparent, community-governed alternative to commercial publishing models.

What if thousands of Czech archaeological reports and photographs could be searched, linked, and shared worldwide in seconds? ATRIUM makes it possible. AIS CR leads the way with new workflows that enrich the AMCR Digital Archive and connect it with international research.

The ATRIUM project (Advancing fronTier Research In the arts and hUManities) is bridging leading research infrastructures in arts and humanities (DARIAH), archaeology (ARIADNE), languages (CLARIN), and open scholarly communication in the social sciences and humanities (OPERAS).

This report describes the progress made within the ATRIUM Work Package 6 'Service Interoperability and EOSC Integration' during the first 21 months of the project. Consisting of 4 tasks related to service interoperability and integration with the European Open Science Cloud (EOSC), substantial steps were taken towards the implementation of the final results, scheduled for month 42 of the project (June 2027). In this first period, no major obstacles were identified.

The ATRIUM project is funded by the European Union under Grant Agreement number 101132163.

PDF version of the poster presented at the CLARIN Annual Conference 2025 (Tuesday 30 September - Thursday 2 October, Eventhotel Pyramide, Vienna, Austria)

The Poster presents Transformations: a DARIAH Journal and its Open Science strategy.

The ATRIUM ATR Summer School provided an in-depth approach to automatic text recognition with a focus on practical applications in concrete research scenarios and improving their automatic text recognition pipelines. Participants gained insights into the latest developments in OCR and HTR, focusing on open-source tools such as eScriptorium and workflows that facilitate the digitisation and analysis of historical and modern texts. Training covered not only the manipulation of pre-processing, segmentation, layout analysis, and post-processing, but also data management, empowering participants to achieve concrete goals in terms of the management, processing and reusability of their data within the duration of the summer school and beyond.

The summer school was organised by DARIAH as part of the ATRIUM project, taking place from 1 September – 5 September 2025 in DARIAH Coordination Offices in Berlin. The organising committee included Anne Baillot (Instructor), Megan Black (ATRIUM Project Coordinator), Floriane Chiffoleau (Instructor), David Lassner (Instructor) and Toma Tasovac (ATRIUM Principal Investigator). 

ATRIUM is funded by the European Union under Grant Agreement n. 101132163. Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union. Neither the European Union nor the granting authority can be held responsible for them.

Presentation at the 31st EAA 2025 Annual Meeting in session #268 Archaeology, artificial intelligence, and image analysis.

The Letters 1916-1923 collection is a digital edition of diverse materials from public and private archives that highlights key events and everyday life in Ireland during World War I and the early days of independence.

While letters were initially transcribed by hand through the engagement of many project researchers, students, and volunteers, we would now like to go a step further and batch-transcribe more documents using cutting-edge HTR technology.

The two presentations below outline our challenges and goals ahead of the ATRIUM HTR workshop in Berlin in September 2025 as well as results and further steps.

The ATRIUM Skillset assessment and Gap Analysis report (Deliverable D7.1) aimed to identify and understand the existing and missing skills among researchers in the Arts, Humanities, and Social Sciences (AHSS). It focused particularly on the skills needed for the effective use of the services available in the ATRIUM Service & Software Catalogue.  Another core objective was to pinpoint researchers' unmet training needs and the challenges they face when accessing online learning resources. The comprehensive insights, derived from a twofold analysis based on a Questionnaire for Service Providers and a Researchers’ Survey, are crucial for directly informing and shaping the ATRIUM Curriculum that will be developed under Task 7.3.

This poster was presented at the DH 2025 held from July 14-18, 2025, at NOVA-FCSH in Lisbon and highlighted early findings from the ATRIUM project, a European Commission-funded initiative (2024–2027).

The poster focuses on ATRIUM’s community-driven approach to improving services and training, drawing on insights from a Europe-wide Researchers’ Survey and the first Researcher Forum. With over 330 responses from 30+ countries, the survey highlights skill gaps in areas like Open Science and FAIR principles, informing the development of the ATRIUM Curriculum. The Researcher Forum, held in Poznan, Poland, piloted collaborative usability testing of the GoTriple platform, exemplifying how researcher feedback directly informs infrastructure refinement. The poster demonstrates how ATRIUM integrates community input to co-design impactful, needs-based training and services, and provides access to related statistics and resources for reuse.

The ATRIUM project aims to create a robust framework for open peer review assessment of non-traditional research outputs to maximise the quality and impact of arts and humanities research in Europe, contributing to research assessment reform. Building on literature review and sources analysis (reports, repositories, and discovery portal classifications such as the SSH Open Marketplace), three sets of evaluation criteria were developed for data papers, workflow papers, and training materials. This poster was presented at the DH 2025 held from July 14-18, 2025, at NOVA-FCSH in Lisbon. This year’s conference focused on the theme ‘Building access and accessibility, open science to all citizens’. 

This is the presentation delivered at the MDTT 2025 conference in Thessaloniki, showcasing the work carried out within the ATRIUM project on the translation of textual keywords from scientific publications. We proposed a methodology and a functional implementation that leverages Large Language Models to map keywords to entities in multilingual knowledge bases and controlled vocabularies, particularly Wikidata. By integrating these sources, the approach not only enables multilingual keyword translation but also maps terms to Linked Data entities, thereby disambiguating their meaning and enhancing the identification and classification of the related publications.

Abstract

Two-dimensional geospatial information has long been essential to archaeology, with the field being an early adopter of maps. Historical maps play a crucial role in archaeological research, serving as invaluable resources that deepen our understanding of past landscapes, settlements, and human activities, while enriching our historical perspective. Annotation, in turn, has emerged as a powerful tool in facilitating research, enabling scholarly communication and collaboration, and providing a foundation for further analysis and interpretation. Enriching the metadata of historical maps through semantic geo-annotation and linking place names to global authority records or gazetteers has proven to be an effective mechanism not only for geo-referencing primary sources but also for interlinking diverse datasets within and across disciplines (Rainer et al. 2019).

How can researchers carry out these activities in a systematic, effective, and reproducible way? What processes, tools, and methods should they adopt, and in what order? Creating a clear, reusable, and sustainable workflow for collaborative map annotation is a key component of the Geospatial Workflow being developed within the ATRIUM project (https://atrium-research.eu/). This endeavor focuses on enabling the ingestion and use of maps from repositories either via IIIF (when available) or by direct upload of image files into tools such as Recogito Studio (https://recogitostudio.org/) for collaborative annotation and geo-tagging of place names.The resulting information will then be accessible to services such as catalog enrichment pipelines and applications for interactive visualization of geospatial data. While initially tested in Recogito Studio, the workflow is designed to be adaptable to various annotation tools, making it applicable across different scenarios. Additionally, it will be accompanied by a demonstrator, which serves as an exemplary use case focused on a specific topic or dataset, to showcase the practical potential of the workflow. This paper outlines both the ongoing efforts to identify and establish a collaborative, reusable map annotation workflow as well as the development of a demonstrator focusing on the Charta of Greece by Rigas Velestinlis, a culturally rich map, with multifaceted historical and archaeological information.

The Charta (Map) of Greece (Pazarli 2014) is a landmark work of the Modern Greek Enlightenment and a key example of pre-revolutionary Greek cartography. Created by Rigas Velestinlis, a writer and revolutionary influenced by Enlightenment and French Revolutionary ideals, it serves as both a cartographic achievement and a symbol of Greece's late 18th-century cultural and political aspirations. Engraved by Franz Müller and published in Vienna between 1796 and 1797, the map consists of 12 sheets (each approximately 70cm x 50cm), depicting a region from the Danube River to the Libyan Sea, including parts of Asia Minor, the Aegean and Ionian islands, Crete, and the Dodecanese.

More than just a geographic document, the Charta promotes the vision of a unified and independent Greek state by emphasizing locations and events from Greek antiquity, Byzantine history, and the Ottoman period. This richly layered historical and cultural content is integral to the Charta’s design and message, as it inspires hopes for liberation and democracy across the region. The Charta’s complex, multi-layered composition supports this symbolic vision, containing over 5,800 place names, often including both ancient and modern versions, and various archaeological comments. It portrays important ancient cities, historical figures, and 162 ancient Greek, Roman, and Byzantine coins, represented as inserts within the map, sometimes filling in the space reserved for water or specific regions. Additionally, it includes a windrose, nine detailed city plans, mythological illustrations, a time scale, and a legend.

Annotating a map as rich in content and cartographic design as the Charta of Greece (Rēgas 1797), with interconnections to other cartographic products from the same period and its longstanding tradition, provides a valuable testbed for identifying the aspects and challenges associated with the in-depth exploration of a historical map. Addressing key questions—such as defining the goal of the annotation; identifying the types of places to be annotated; selecting suitable gazetteer(s) for geo-annotation; capturing place names from various historical periods; considering how to annotate objects, comments, and other features alongside places; determining the necessary level of detail for the tagging vocabulary; managing ambiguities; and incorporating a critical examination of the map—will yield valuable insights into the process and user needs. This understanding will, in turn, inform our workflow and ensure that all relevant aspects are taken into consideration.

Furthermore, various scenarios will be explored and tailored to meet the needs of identified stakeholders. To ensure sustainability and leverage BPMN’s (Business Process Model and Notation, https://www.omg.org/bpmn/) ability to systematically represent complex processes, the resulting workflow will be formulated as a BPMN-style diagram. This diagram will illustrate the interconnections, iterations, and possible disjunctions among the various activities and steps within the process. Indeed, the workflow may sometimes not take the form of a strictly linear sequence of steps, but involve phases of mutual feedback and improvement between earlier and later stages of the process (for example, a tagging vocabulary may be revised based on feedback received during the actual annotation activity).

Additionally, the workflow will be transformed into a format compatible with the SSH Open Marketplace (https://sshopencloud.eu/ssh-open-marketplace), where it will be hosted, enhancing the findability, accessibility, and reusability of the workflow. A description of the demonstrator as well as the resulting output data will also be made available, to both validate the applicability of the workflow and share the outcomes yielded by the work on the Charta of Greece.

References

Pazarli, Maria. 2014. “Righas Velestinlis’ Map (Charta) of Greece: A Cartographic Approach.” PhD diss., Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. https://doi.org/10.12681/eadd/34604.

Rēgas. 1797. Charta tēs Hellados en hē periechontai hai nēsoi autēs [kai] meros tōn eis tēn Eurōpēn [kai] Mikran Asian polyarithmōn apoikiōn autēs [Map]. Franz Müller. Harvard University, Harvard Map Collection, G6810_1797_R4_stitched. https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/ids:24146534.

Simon, Rainer, Valeria Vitale, Rebecca Kahn, Elton Barker, and Leif Isaksen. 2019. “Revisiting Linking Early Geospatial Documents with Recogito.” e-Perimetron 14 (3): 152–63. https://www.eperimetron.org/Vol_14_3/Simon_et_al.pdf.

In recent years, a significant range of digital resources and methodologies have been developed in the Arts & Humanities. By reusing these resources, researchers can minimize redundancy and foster greater collaboration. However, challenges arise when methods are difficult to adapt or reflect biased perspectives. A key solution to these challenges lies in the thorough documentation of research choices, which ensures reproducibility and allows future generations to build on prior work. This concept is especially vital in workflows, which serve as a critical means of recording and reproducing the 'past of research'. The workflow descriptions featured in the SSH Open Marketplace (SSHOMP) play a central role in capturing this essential documentation, forming the primary focus of this paper.

This report summarises the outcomes of the first Mutual Learning Exercise (MLE) organised as part of the ATRIUM project. The event was held on April 29, 2025, in Madrid, Spain, and focused on the GoTriple service, a multilingual discovery platform for Social Sciences and Humanities (SSH) offered by OPERAS Research Infrastructure. The purpose of the MLE was to promote mutual learning and the exchange of experiences between service and data providers.

In an age of abundant yet fragmented digital resources, humanities researchers still face steep barriers in transforming data into actionable research workflows. The ATRIUM project (Advancing Frontier Research in the Arts and Humanities) addresses these challenges through a cross-disciplinary effort that bridges four major European research infrastructures—DARIAH, ARIADNE, CLARIN, and OPERAS. By developing interoperable, reusable, and FAIR-compliant workflows, ATRIUM empowers scholars to navigate diverse data types—from texts to images, 3D, and geospatial data—with transparent and reproducible methods. This poster at DH Benelux highlights the collaborative approach to workflow design, and explores the project's integration with the SSH Open Marketplace. A featured use case demonstrates the IIIF protocol in action, enabling remote visual annotation of rock art datasets from the UK and Sweden. Through this work, ATRIUM not only enhances access to digital tools but also reframes workflows as essential, citable research outputs.

Prezentace z konference Počítačová podpora v archeologii 2025 o workflow pro automatickou detekci artefaktů na archeologických fotkách.

This presentation outlines the ongoing efforts to enhance data interoperability on the GoTriple.eu platform, a multilingual discovery service for the Social Sciences and Humanities (SSH), originally developed under the TRIPLE project.

One of the goals of the ATRIUM project is to extend and enrich the TRIPLE Ontology, which formalises the GoTriple data model. Developed using the SAMOD methodology, the ontology aligns with standard vocabularies (Schema.org, Dublin Core, SKOS,...) and supports multilingualism and machine-readability, with JSON-LD powering the platform's APIs.

The presentation details the ongoing ontology alignment activities carried out within ATRIUM, along with the challenges identified in achieving semantic convergence. In particular, it highlights the work to ensure compatibility with CIDOC-CRM and SSHOCro, as well as the adoption of the SKG-IF framework to enable deeper interoperability of GoTriple data with scientific knowledge graphs.

Presentation from a talk given at CAA2025 Digital Horizons conference in session 19. Reusable Digital Research Workflows for Archaeology.

This project was created by Gustavo Candela in July-August 2024 and is the result of a Atrium Transnational Access Scheme Grants in collaboration with the Polish Literary Bibliography/European Literary Bibliography (IBL–PAN), the Institute of Literary Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences and the Digital Research Infrastructure for the Humanities (eHum PSNC).

This document is an assessment of the dissemination and communication activities for the first year of the ATRIUM Project and the planning of these activities for Year 2. The assessment is based on the Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) (Section 7) and the activities and results for each of the communication channels (Sections 5 and 6). The Planning is focused on the ATRIUM Key Target Groups (Section 2) where proposed actions with a preliminary roadmap and some new, specific KPIs are outlined for each group.

This deliverable D3.1 provides an overview of data models, ontologies, controlled vocabularies, and formats adopted in both humanities research and cultural heritage. Over 130 resources have been compiled/gathered from a number of sources, primarily from the insights of the four major research infrastructures involved in ATRIUM: ARIADNE, CLARIN, DARIAH, and OPERAS. These resources have been assessed for their relevance to ATRIUM, focusing on their maturity, community adoption and interoperability. Based on this assessment, 40 resources have been described in more detail in the document. The full list of gathered resources is available in Appendix A.

This overview should serve as a basis for improving the discoverability and (semantic) interoperability of cultural heritage resources and research objects.

The first Researcher Forum (RF) organised under the ATRIUM project was held on October 17, 2024, at the Poznań Supercomputing and Networking Center (PSNC) in Poznań, Poland. The forum targeted the GoTriple platform, a multilingual discovery platform for Social Sciences and Humanities. The purpose of this report is to summarise the results of this first RF in order to guide improvements for GoTriple.

The RF is a workshop format designed to gain a deeper understanding of the needs of the users of Research Infrastructures services. The RF focuses on researchers, aiming to strengthen interactions between researchers engaged with and around RIs, their services and tools.

These Guidelines for Producing the ATRIUM Curriculum provide a comprehensive set of recommendations and best practices for the creation, development, and presentation of training resources within the ATRIUM project. The overall goal of these Guidelines is to ensure that all training materials adhere to the highest standards of quality, accessibility, consistency and usability. At the same time, the Guidelines also align with the broader goals of the ATRIUM initiative to provide vastly improved access to a rich portfolio of state-of-the-art services available to researchers across countries, languages, domains and media.

Specifically, these Guidelines have three sets of goals:

1. Establish the general principles of Open Science and FAIR data (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) in the context of Open Educational Resources (OER) as the overall framework for developing and disseminating the ATRIUM Curriculum;
2. Foreground the guiding pedagogical principles underlying the ATRIUM Curriculum to be published on DARIAH-Campus; and
3. Provide a detailed style guide for structuring and formatting ATRIUM training materials in order to ensure consistency across the curriculum, which will be produced by different project partners.

GLAM (Galleries, Libraries, Archives and Museums) institutions host rich content that is provided in the form of digital collections. Bibliographic databases are collections of references focused on a particular topic that can be used to apply Digital Humanities (DH) methods. Recent approaches such as Collections as Data and Labs promote the publication of digital collections supporting computational use.

This work aims to provide a framework for publishing and reusing digital collections based on literary bibliographies published by GLAM institutions in order to make them suitable for computational use in the form of Collections as Data, in particular, in the context of the European Literary Bibliography. It also describes the infrastructure used and DH research scenarios to illustrate how the results can be reused for different goals. Digital curators and DH researchers interested in making their datasets available in the form of Collections as Data are the intended audience of this work.